Description: Operating Systems Principles and System Design focus on the fundamental concepts and structures that enable an operating system to manage computer hardware and software efficiently. Key principles include process management, memory management, file systems, and input/output control, ensuring optimal use of system resources. System design emphasizes reliability, security, scalability, and performance while maintaining simplicity and modularity. An effective operating system acts as an interface between users and hardware, providing a stable environment for application execution. By applying sound design principles, operating systems support multitasking, fault tolerance, and efficient computing across diverse platforms.